Yarborough or Yarbrough are related English toponymic surnames. They originated from Yarburgh (Yarborough) in Lincolnshire, named from the Old English habitational or topographic name eorðburg ‘earthworks’, ‘fortifications’, (a compound of eorðe/eorethe ‘earth’, ‘soil’ + burg ‘fortress’, ‘burrow’). Variants include Yerberg, Yarburgh, Yarboro and other forms.
Notable people with the surname include: